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Although black tea originated in China, its culture was developed in Europe and then spread to the East. What was called "cha" in China became "tea" in England, "thé" in France, "Tee" in Germany, and "chai" in Russia when transported by ship. The first tea to reach Europe was green tea, in 1610.
From around 1711 for about a century, Britain's finances were supported by taxes on tea, with rates as high as 125-200%. The public was understandably unhappy, leading to smuggling and riots. It is said that the troubles over high tea taxes were also a cause of America's independence from Britain.
Japan's black tea culture began with imports in 1887, and in 1906, Meiji-ya was the first to import Lipton tea. Currently, the average annual consumption per person in the UK is about 2.6 kg, while in Japan, it is just over 100 g, which is about 1/25th of the amount consumed by the British.
Traditional British Tea Time
Early Tea (Bed Tea)
A cup enjoyed right after waking up. It is the most private tea time of the day.
Breakfast
Tea is essential for the British breakfast, served alongside toast, bacon, and eggs.
Elevenses
A tea break taken in the morning for a quick refreshment, usually lasting about 15 minutes.
Midday Tea Break
A snack time in the afternoon, often accompanied by cookies or simple baked goods.
Afternoon Tea
A special social occasion held on holidays, starting around 4 PM, featuring an extravagant selection of sandwiches, scones, and cakes. It is said to have originated in the mid-19th century when Anna Maria, Duchess of Bedford, began it to stave off hunger until dinner.
High Tea
A dinner tradition found in industrial areas, rural regions, and Scotland, centered around meat, also known as "meat tea." The term is said to derive from high-backed chairs.
After Dinner Tea
A relaxing time after dinner or before bed, enjoyed with a slightly diluted milk tea to warm the body.
Night Tea
A final cup at the end of the day. It is also recommended to enjoy it in more specialized vessels like matcha bowls.